Phrase - Pengertian, Jenis, dan Contohnya

A.  Pengertian Phrase

Phrase, dalam bahasa Indonesia dikenal juga dengan frasa, adalah rangkaian kata yang memiliki makna atau arti yang berkaitan dengan fungsinya di dalam kalimat. Phrase tidak memiliki subjek dan predikat yang lengkap seperti kalimat. 
Phrase biasanya menempati satu fungsi dalam kalimat, seperti subjek, kata kerja, objek, atau keterangan.

 

B.  Jenis-jenis Phrase

1. Noun Phrase (Frasa Kata Benda)

Pengertian: Frasa yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda dalam kalimat, dapat menjadi subjek, objek, atau pelengkap.

Contoh:

1. The red car is parked outside.
2. She bought a beautiful dress.
3. The tall man is my neighbor.
4. They adopted a small puppy.
5. The new restaurant serves delicious food.

2. Verb Phrase (Frasa Kata Kerja)

Pengertian: Frasa yang berfungsi sebagai kata kerja, termasuk kata kerja utama dan kata bantu.

Contoh:

1. She is reading a book.
2. They have been working all day.
3. He will go to the market tomorrow.
4. We were watching a movie last night.
5. She has finished her homework.

3. Adjective Phrase (Frasa Kata Sifat)

Pengertian: Frasa yang berfungsi sebagai kata sifat untuk menjelaskan kata benda.

Contoh:

1. The house is very old.
2. He is extremely intelligent.
3. The movie was quite interesting.
4. She looks very tired.
5. The cake is deliciously sweet.

4. Adverb Phrase (Frasa Kata Keterangan)

Pengertian: Frasa yang berfungsi sebagai kata keterangan untuk menjelaskan kata kerja, kata sifat, atau kata keterangan lainnya.

Contoh:

1. She sang very beautifully.
2. They arrived quite late.
3. He speaks very fluently.
4. The car moved extremely quickly.
5. She worked very hard.

5. Prepositional Phrase (Frasa Preposisi)

Pengertian: Frasa yang dimulai dengan preposisi dan berfungsi sebagai keterangan waktu, tempat, atau cara.

Contoh:

1. The cat is under the table.
2. She sat beside him.
3. He walked through the park.
4. The book is on the shelf.
5. They met after the meeting.

6. Infinitive Phrase (Frasa Infinitif)

Pengertian: Frasa yang dimulai dengan bentuk infinitif dari kata kerja (to + kata kerja dasar) dan bisa berfungsi sebagai kata benda, kata sifat, atau kata keterangan.

Contoh:

1. She wants to learn French.
2. He decided to go home early.
3. They need to find a solution.
4. She likes to play the piano.
5. He plans to visit his grandparents.

7. Gerund Phrase (Frasa Gerund)

Pengertian: Frasa yang dimulai dengan gerund (kata kerja bentuk -ing yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda).

Contoh:

1. Swimming in the ocean is fun.
2. She enjoys reading books.
3. Running every morning keeps him healthy.
4. They love traveling together.
5. Cooking dinner is her favorite activity.

8. Participial Phrase (Frasa Partisipial)

Pengertian: Frasa yang dimulai dengan partisip (present participle atau past participle) dan berfungsi sebagai kata sifat.

Contoh:

1. Running down the street, he tripped and fell.
2. Surprised by the news, she didn't know what to say.
3. Built in the 18th century, the house is now a museum.
4. Seeing the opportunity, she took it immediately.
5. Having finished his homework, he went out to play.

9. Absolute Phrase (Frasa Absolut)

Pengertian: Frasa yang terdiri dari kata benda dan partisip, berfungsi untuk memberikan informasi tambahan tentang keseluruhan kalimat.

Contoh:

1. The weather being cold, we decided to stay inside.
2. His work completed, he left the office early.
3. Her eyes sparkling, she walked into the room.
4. The sun having set, they started the campfire.
5. The meal prepared, we sat down to eat.